Communications (Iraq)
=====================


     Railroads:
       2,457 km 1.435-meter standard gauge
     Highways:
       34,700 km total; 17,500 km paved, 5,500 km improved earth, 11,700 km
       unimproved earth
     Inland waterways:
       1,015 km; Shatt al Arab is usually navigable by maritime traffic for about
       130 km; channel has been dredged to 3 meters and is in use; Tigris and
       Euphrates Rivers have navigable sections for shallow-draft watercraft; Shatt
       al Basrah canal was navigable by shallow-draft craft before closing in 1991
       because of the Persian Gulf war
     Pipelines:
       crude oil 4,350 km; petroleum products 725 km; natural gas 1,360 km
     Ports:
       Umm Qasr, Khawr az Zubayr, Al Basrah (closed since 1980)
     Merchant marine:
       41 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 930,780 GRT/1,674,878 DWT; includes 1
       passenger, 1 passenger-cargo, 15 cargo, 1 refrigerated cargo, 3
       roll-on/roll-off cargo, 19 oil tanker, 1 chemical tanker; note - none of the
       Iraqi flag merchant fleet was trading internationally as of 1 January 1993
     Airports:
      total:
       114
      usable:   99
      with permanent-surface runways:
       74
      with runways over 3,659 m:
       9
      with runways 2,440-3,659 m:
       52
      with runways 1,220-2,439 m:
       12
     Telecommunications:
       reconstitution of damaged telecommunication facilities began after Desert
       Storm, most damaged facilities have been rebuilt; the network consists of
       coaxial cables and microwave radio relay links; 632,000 telephones;
       broadcast stations - 16 AM, 1 FM, 13 TV; satellite earth stations - 1
       Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT, 1 Indian Ocean INTELSAT, 1 Atlantic Ocean GORIZONT
       in the Intersputnik system and 1 ARABSAT; coaxial cable and microwave radio
       relay to Jordan, Kuwait, Syria, and Turkey, Kuwait line is probably
       non-operational